OCT + 시야검사 결과로 보는 녹내장 초기 신호와 눈 건강 관리법

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눈의 건강은 한 번 손상되면 회복이 어렵습니다. 그래서 정기적인 OCT 검사 와 시야검사 는 매우 중요합니다. 이번 글에서는 실제 환자분의 검사 예시를 통해 시신경 손상의 초기 변화와 관리법 을 알기 쉽게 설명드리겠습니다. 🔍 OCT(빛간섭단층촬영) 검사란? OCT 검사는 망막과 시신경의 구조를 단층(층별) 으로 촬영하는 검사입니다. 눈 속 신경층의 두께, 황반 중심부의 형태, 망막 부종 여부 등을 세밀하게 확인할 수 있어 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨망막병증 같은 질환의 조기 발견에 매우 유용합니다. 검사 시간: 약 5분 통증: 없음 결과 확인: 바로 가능 disc OCT(오른쪽) disc OCT(왼쪽)   OCT(빛간섭단층촬영) 검사 결과 설명 🔹 1. 검사 개요 OCT 검사는 망막(눈 안쪽의 신경막)과 황반(시력의 중심부)을 단층 촬영 해서, 눈 속 구조의 미세한 변화를 관찰하는 검사입니다. 즉, 망막이 얼마나 두꺼운지 , 부종이나 손상이 있는지 , 황반 중심이 정상인지 를 보는 검사예요. 🩺 오른쪽 눈 (R) 망막 두께(Macular Thickness): 약간 얇아진 부위 가 있습니다. 황반 중심(Fovea): 형태는 전반적으로 유지되어 있지만, 중심부의 미세한 손상 흔적 이 보입니다. 망막층 구조: 일부 내층(Inner layer) 이 얇아져 있으며, 이는 혈류 감소나 시신경 손상 초기 에서 보일 수 있는 소견입니다. 시세포층(Photoreceptor layer): 대체로 보존되어 있지만, 경계가 약간 흐릿한 부분 이 있어, 시야 흐림이나 중심 시력 저하 를 유발할 가능성이 있습니다. ➡️ 정리: 현재 심한 황반변성이나 망막박리 같은 질환은 보이지 않지만, 시신경 또는 황반 중심부의 기능 저하 초기 로 보입니다. 따라서 정기적인 경과 관찰 과 혈류 개선제 또는 안구 순환 개선 약물 복용이 도움이 됩니다. 🩺 왼쪽 눈 (L) 망막 두께: 오른쪽보다 약...

Blepharitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Treatment Options

 

Introduction

Blepharitis is a common and often chronic condition that causes inflammation of the eyelids. It can lead to discomfort, redness, itching, and even vision problems if left untreated. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and effective treatment options is essential for maintaining good eye health. In this detailed guide, we will explore everything you need to know about blepharitis, including its types, risk factors, treatment, and prevention methods.

What is Blepharitis?

Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelids, typically affecting the edges where the eyelashes grow. It is often caused by bacterial infections, skin conditions, or dysfunction of the meibomian glands, which are responsible for producing the oily layer of tears.

Types of Blepharitis

There are two main types of blepharitis:

  1. Anterior Blepharitis – Affects the outer edge of the eyelid, near the eyelashes. It is often caused by bacteria or skin conditions like seborrheic dermatitis.

  2. Posterior Blepharitis – Affects the inner part of the eyelid, where the meibomian glands are located. It is commonly linked to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and rosacea.

Causes of Blepharitis

Blepharitis can result from various factors, including:

  • Bacterial Infections – Staphylococcus bacteria are commonly associated with blepharitis.

  • Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) – Blocked oil glands can lead to inflammation and dryness.

  • Skin Conditions – Conditions like rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, and eczema can trigger blepharitis.

  • Demodex Mites – Overgrowth of Demodex mites in the eyelashes can contribute to chronic eyelid inflammation.

  • Allergies – Reactions to makeup, contact lens solutions, or environmental factors may exacerbate symptoms.

  • Poor Eyelid Hygiene – Accumulation of debris and dead skin cells can promote bacterial growth.

Symptoms of Blepharitis

Blepharitis symptoms can vary in severity and may include:

  • Red, swollen eyelids

  • Burning or stinging sensation in the eyes

  • Itchy or irritated eyelids

  • Crusty flakes at the base of the eyelashes (especially in the morning)

  • Watery eyes or excessive tearing

  • Dry eyes and light sensitivity

  • Foreign body sensation in the eyes

  • Blurred vision that improves with blinking

Complications of Blepharitis

If left untreated, blepharitis can lead to:

  • Chronic Dry Eye Syndrome – Inflammation can disrupt the tear film, causing persistent dryness.

  • Styes and Chalazions – Blocked glands can develop into painful lumps.

  • Conjunctivitis – Secondary bacterial infections can lead to pink eye.

  • Eyelash Problems – Misaligned or missing eyelashes (trichiasis) may occur.

  • Corneal Damage – In severe cases, prolonged inflammation can affect the cornea, leading to vision problems.

How to Treat Blepharitis

There is no permanent cure for blepharitis, but symptoms can be managed effectively with proper treatment.

1. Eyelid Hygiene

  • Warm Compress: Apply a warm compress to the eyelids for 10–15 minutes, 2–3 times daily to loosen debris and open blocked oil glands.

  • Eyelid Cleansing: Use diluted baby shampoo or specialized eyelid cleansers to clean the eyelid margins.

  • Lid Scrubs: Gently massage the eyelids to remove crusts and excess oil.

2. Artificial Tears and Lubricants

  • Preservative-free artificial tears can help relieve dryness and irritation.

  • Ointments may be recommended for nighttime use.

3. Antibiotics and Medications

  • Topical Antibiotics: If bacteria are present, a doctor may prescribe antibiotic ointments or eye drops (e.g., erythromycin, azithromycin).

  • Oral Antibiotics: In severe or persistent cases, oral doxycycline or azithromycin may be used.

  • Steroid Eye Drops: Short-term use of steroid drops can help reduce inflammation but should be used under medical supervision.

  • Tea Tree Oil Treatment: Some doctors recommend diluted tea tree oil to combat Demodex mites.

4. Lifestyle and Home Remedies

  • Avoid rubbing your eyes to prevent further irritation.

  • Remove eye makeup thoroughly each night.

  • Switch to hypoallergenic eye products to minimize reactions.

  • Eat a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts) to improve meibomian gland function.

Prevention Tips for Blepharitis

Preventing blepharitis involves consistent eyelid hygiene and healthy habits:

  1. Clean Eyelids Regularly – Develop a daily cleansing routine to remove bacteria and debris.

  2. Avoid Eye Irritants – Reduce exposure to smoke, dust, and strong chemicals.

  3. Replace Makeup Frequently – Discard old eye makeup every 3–6 months to prevent bacterial contamination.

  4. Stay Hydrated – Drink enough water to support tear production and eye health.

  5. Use a Humidifier – This helps maintain moisture in dry environments.

  6. Wear Protective Eyewear – Shield your eyes from wind, dust, and allergens.

  7. Schedule Regular Eye Exams – Routine check-ups with an eye specialist can help detect and manage blepharitis early.

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if:

  • Symptoms persist despite home treatments

  • Vision becomes blurry or worsens

  • The eyelid swelling or redness spreads

  • Pain or discharge increases significantly

Conclusion

Blepharitis is a common yet manageable eye condition that requires ongoing care. By practicing good eyelid hygiene, addressing underlying causes, and seeking medical advice when necessary, you can reduce symptoms and maintain overall eye health. If you experience persistent discomfort, consult an eye specialist for personalized treatment recommendations.